牙冠延长术改善前牙牙龈美观效果的临床观察

目的探讨对龈-牙性露龈笑及龈缘不齐患者行牙冠延长术后的美学效果。方法对53例龈-牙性露龈笑或龈缘不齐患者共285颗患牙行牙冠延长术,用龈缘顶点水平（gingival zenith level,GZL）及微笑线水平评价治疗前后美学效果,并通过视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale,VAS）评价患者治疗前后的满意度。结果牙冠延长术后,患牙GZL均达到美学标准,微笑线水平符合Ⅱ、Ⅲ类美学标准,患者对牙龈美学满意度有显著性提高。结论通过正确选择适应证及精细的手术操作,龈-牙性露龈笑及龈缘不齐可通过牙冠延长术获得满意的美学效果。     

A phase III randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine the efficacy of low level laser therapy for the prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation

Introduction Oral mucositis (OM) is a significant early complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). This phase III randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was designed to compare the ability of 2 different low level GaAlAs diode lasers (650 nm and 780 nm) to prevent oral mucositis in HCT patients conditioned with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Materials and methods Seventy patients were enrolled and randomized into 1 of 3 treatment groups: 650 nm laser, 780 nm laser or placebo. All active laser treatment patients received daily direct laser treatment to the lower labial mucosa, right and left buccal mucosa, lateral and ventral surfaces of the tongue, and floor of mouth with energy densities of 2 J/cm². Study treatment began on the first day of conditioning and continued through day +2 post HCT. Mucositis and oral pain was measured on days 0, 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, and 21 post HCT. Results The 650 nm wavelength reduced the severity of oral mucositis and pain scores. Low level laser therapy was well-tolerated and no adverse events were noted. Discussion While these results are encouraging, further study is needed to truly establish the efficacy of this mucositis prevention strategy. Future research needs to determine the effects of modification of laser parameters (e.g., wavelength, fluence, repetition rate of energy delivery, etc.) on the effectiveness of LLE laser to prevent OM. Jean-Claude Franquin has already retired from the Universite de la Mediterranee.     

对聘用护理人员实施分层次管理的方法与体会

目的探讨聘用护理人员的分层次管理方法。方法根据应聘人员的学历、能力、考取资格证书情况分别聘为护理员、助理护士、护士、护师、主管护师，并承担不同的岗位职责，享有不同福利待遇和遵照不同年度考核及晋升标准。结果优化了聘用护理人员的学历及职称结构，节约了护理人力资源成本，提高了基础护理合格率，提升了聘用护理人员的综合素质。结论对聘用护理人员实施分层次管理有利于人力资源的合理使用和护理成本的控制。     

步态水平对髋关节假体周围骨重建的影响

目的 针对髋关节置换术后患者步态运动水平变化,研究假体周围骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）变化率的变化趋势,揭示置换初期、长期运动变化对骨重建的影响规律。方法 基于自适应骨重建理论,建立股骨-假体有限元模型,以术后初期、长期步态水平作为重建参数计算假体周围BMD分布,采用Gruen分区方法量化BMD的变化。结果 术后初期,恒定步态组与变化步态组BMD存在明显差异,最大差异发生在低步态组中,造成大转子区域BMD减小41%;步态运动提高促进假体近端、中端BMD变化,显著影响发生在大转子区域,造成BMD增加47%;术后长期阶段,步态运动提高促进假体中端、末端区域BMD恢复,BMD增加2%～9%。结论 研究结果为髋关节置换后患者康复过程提供指导。     

我院护士健康教育满意度的调查分析

留院观察和住院治疗的患者，每天24h中有3／5～4／5的时间均在病床上休养。其活动的范围是以病床为中心完成吃、喝、拉、撒．以及手术后的锻炼和上下床等活动。病情严重的患者以及手术后3～7d的患者，每天24h内很少离开病床。留院观察和住院治疗的患者，除了需要更好的治疗效果外，还需要手术后的治疗性自理需求。治疗性自理需求是一     

Level V in therapeutic neck dissections for papillary thyroid carcinoma

Neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the standard of care for patients with clinical evidence of regional metastases. However, the extent of neck dissection is debatable. The purpose of the current study was to develop evidence‐based recommendations for when to include level V, or 1 of its sublevels, among patients with PTC undergoing neck dissection. A literature review of all studies evaluating the occurrence of metastases in level V in patients with regional metastases from PTC undergoing neck dissection was performed. Occurrence of metastases at level V is low in most series (5% to 10%), although a wide range was noticed. In cases in which metastases were found at level V, they occurred almost exclusively at sublevel VB. Sublevel VA was rarely, if ever, involved with metastatic lymph nodes. However, only recently have investigators begun to specify which sublevels of level V are at risk. Therapeutic dissection of level V is indicated when there is clinical evidence of disease involving this zone. Elective dissection of sublevel VB is indicated when there is involvement of level IV, or possibly multiple nodes at levels II and III. Under these circumstances, dissection of sublevel VB is indicated but sublevel VA may be spared. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013     

急诊护士心理健康状况与职称和文化程度的相关性分析

[目的]探讨急诊护士心理健康状况与职称、文化程度的关系。[方法]运用症状自评量表(SCL -90 )对74名急诊护士进行调查,并于国内常模比较。[结果] 74例急诊护士在躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、偏执和人际关系敏感及SCL -90阳性项目数得分显著高于常模(P <0 .0 1) ;初级、中级护士抑郁、焦虑因子得分,高于高级职称护士(P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,而高级、中级护士强迫因子得分显著高于初级护士,差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 1) ;中专护士人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑等因子得分比大专及以上护士明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 )。[结论]急诊护士心理健康状况较差,文化程度、职称对其心理健康状况有一定影响,应给予相应的心理支持及干预。     

Can the Bispectral Index Monitor Quantify Altered Level of Consciousness in Emergency Department Patients?

OBJECTIVES: A daily part of emergency medicine practice includes assessing patients with altered levels of consciousness (ALOC). The authors hypothesized that a bispectral index monitor (BIS), a processed electroencephalographic monitor traditionally used to monitor patients under anesthesia, would represent an objective quantification of impairment of consciousness. They compared the BIS score with the Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS) in emergency department (ED) patients with ALOC. METHODS: The authors performed a convenience sampling of ED adults presenting with ALOC (GCS 相似文献